Chief Investment Officer

Matt Toledo of Chief Investment Officer (AI-CIO) cites new research from Markov Processes International (MPI) in his feature “University Endowments Returned to Growth in 2025.” Based on MPI’s returns-based analysis, the article shows that leading university endowments with meaningful allocations to AI-focused venture capital and digital assets, including crypto funds and direct holdings, saw these themes contribute significantly to strong FY25 results, while a substantial share of AI-driven gains remains unrealized and mark-to-model—raising important liquidity and risk-management questions.

“Universities with large allocations to private markets are borrowing in the bond market to address funding issues, as private equity capital calls can compete with research funding for liquidity,” says Matt Toledo of the CIO magazine in his story discussing challenges facing elite universities in light of potential and real cuts in federal research grants.

The article draws extensively on MPI’s research into endowment liquidity, including insights from the MPI Transparency Lab.

CIO Magazine’s Matt Toledo provides an analysis of both the NACUBO’s 2023 Fiscal Year study and MPI’s 9-th annual quantitative report of Ivy Endowment performance and risk. In his article U.S. College Endowments Gained 7.7% in Fiscal 2023, Although Suffer From Weak Alternatives Returns (ai-cio.com)  ​​​“For multiple reasons it is unlikely that endowments that are heavily allocated to private markets and alternatives veer from the so called ‘Yale model’ after the challenges of fiscal year 2023. Our research shows that Ivy and elite endowments are risk takers, and their portfolios are not particularly efficient​,​” MPI CEO Michael Markov was quoted when discussing the possibility of shifting allocations to public equities.

Matt Toledo with CIO Magazine reviews in this article recent performance of top endowments from Yale, UPenn and Stanford and compares them with projections from MPI Transparency Lab. “Stanford announced on Thursday a 4.4% return in fiscal 2023, slightly below MPI’s estimate of 6.42%. Stanford attributed its underperformance—as compared with Cambridge Associates’ 6.9% median return for university endowments—to losses in its venture capital investments, in line with MPI’s projections,” – he writes.

Bowdoin College Endowment has been outperforming all Ivies on a 10-year basis since 2015 with its latest FY2021 result bringing it to 14.4%, an almost impossible number to beat.

In his latest article, Chief Investment Officer’s Michael Katz, explores MPI’s analysis of how Brown University’s endowment has managed to outperform its rivals in recent years.

Read more on MPI’s annual assessment of the Ivy League Endowments, featured in Chief Investment Officer, where our analysts provide a deeper look into FY20 performance and the likely reasons behind the sharp drop over FY19.

“Despite reporting strong returns for the second straight year, Ivy League university endowments have lagged behind a simple portfolio comprised of 60% stocks and 40% bonds over the past 10 years, according to a report from Markov Processes International. The report said that from fiscal year 2009 to 2018, a portfolio made up of 60% stocks and 40% fixed income had annualized returns of 8.1%. Meanwhile not even the top-performing Ivy League endowments beat this over the same time period as Columbia University and Princeton University’s endowments were a shade behind with annualized returns of 8.0% each.” Read the full article here.

“According to investment research analysts Markov Processes International, the strong performance has been driven in large part by investments in private equity and venture capital, which have returned 18.7% and 18.3%, respectively, in fiscal 2018, compared to a 14.4% return for the S&P 500…. Markov estimated that private equity and venture capital contributed 8.3% and 3.3% of Yale’s 12.3% return for 2018, with other asset classes contributing only 0.8% of its annual return. The firm also estimated that private equity and venture capital contributed 5.2% and 3.2%, respectively, of Dartmouth’s 12.2% return; and 3.6% and 3.3%, respectively, of Harvard’s 10% return.” Read the full article here.

“Despite having the second-smallest endowment in the Ivy League next to Brown University, Dartmouth has had among the top-performing investment portfolios of any of the elite universities in recent years. According to investment research firm Markov Processes International, Dartmouth has been among the top-four performing Ivy League endowments five out of the previous six years.” Read full article here.